by

　 基本词汇 　
英 [ba?] 　 　 美 [ba?] 　 　
  • prep. 靠近；通过；被；经由；不迟于
  • adv. 经过；在旁边；靠近
new

by的英文翻译是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：

双解释义

prep. (介词)
  1. (表示位置)在…近旁; 在身边 near
  2. (表示时间)不迟于; 在…时候 not later than
  3. (表示移动方向)从…中经过 passing through or along
  4. (表示方式)搭乘,通过; 抓住…; 靠,采取; 就…而论; 以…称呼方式; 以…的名义; 凭着 through the use or means of
  5. (表示原因)随…而来 as the result of
  6. (表示方位)偏于 inclined to one side
  7. (表示环境)借着…光亮 depend upon the light of
  8. (表示关涉)经过 passing through
  9. (表示程度)以…之差 with disparity of
  10. (表示关系)对待 treat
  11. (表示依据)根据 in accordance with
  12. (表示比率)以…幅度; 以…为单位; …比 …to the amount or degree of
  13. (表示累加)(一个)接着 one by one
  14. (表示动作者)被〔由〕; 由…创作〔演奏〕 show the name of the person who wrote a book, directed a film, made a work of art, etc.
adv. (副词)
  1. 在近旁 near
  2. 经过,走过 past
  3. 保留 in reserve

英英释义

Adverb:
  1. so as to pass a given point;

    "every hour a train goes past"

  2. in reserve; not for immediate use;

    "started setting aside money to buy a car"
    "put something by for her old age"
    "has a nest egg tucked away for a rainy day"

by的用法和样例：

例句

用作介词 (prep.)
  1. The house by the lake is a restaurant.
    湖边的那座房子是家饭店。
  2. He entered by the back door.
    他从后门进入。
  3. The project was viewed favorably by the committee.
    那计划受到该委员会的好评。
  4. He let himself down slowly by means of a rope.
    他用一条绳子滑下来。
用作副词 (adv.)
  1. He hurried by and disappeared in the wood.
    他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。
  2. I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.
    我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
  3. He lives near by.
    他住在附近。

常见句型

用作介词 (prep.)
  1. On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.
    在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。
  2. He keeps a dictionary by him when he's reading.
    他读书时,手边总放着一本词典。
  3. Be here by four o'clock.
    四点钟之前到这儿。
  4. She should be back by now.
    她现在应该回来了。
  5. If they have a journey to make, most people prefer to go by day.
    如果要旅行,大多数人喜欢在白天进行。
  6. They came in by the back door.
    他们是由后门进来的。
  7. Are you to go there by bike or by bus?
    你骑车还是坐车去?
  8. You can order tickets by telephone.
    你可以用电话订票。
  9. The money will be paid by cheque.
    此款将由支票支付。
  10. He seized her by the arm.
    他抓住她的手臂。
  11. Man does not live by bread alone.
    人不能单靠面包生存。
  12. They were making a living by selling souvenirs to the tourists.
    他们靠向旅游者出售纪念品来谋生。
  13. They decided to raise the money by subscription.
    他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。
  14. By temperament he was an artist.
    从气质上看,他是一位画家。
  15. They always addressed each other by their Christian name.
    他们总是以教名互相称呼。
  16. By God he's done it!
    老天为证,他确实做了此事。
  17. I did it all by myself!
    我完全是靠自己做此事的。
  18. The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.
    由于有校长的准许,会议将在学校大厅举行。
  19. The steamer will go west by north.
    这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。
  20. They were playing cards by electric light.
    他们正借着灯光打牌。
  21. I go by the house every day.
    我每天都要从这栋房子经过。
  22. We lost the match by one goal.
    我们以一分之差输了比赛。
  23. He deals ill by his wife.
    他待妻子不好。
  24. It's not fair to judge people by their appearance.
    以貌取人是不公正的。
  25. Its grant is to be cut by more than 40 percent.
    其补助将削减40％以上。
  26. Most workmen are paid by the week.
    大多数工人按周付给薪水。
  27. The lounge is twenty feet by fourteen.
    这间起居室长20英尺,宽14英尺。
  28. Day by day he applied himself to the task until it was finished.
    他日复一日地投入那项工作,直到完成为止。
  29. He was brought up by an aunt.
    他是由婶婶抚育成人的。
  30. Above it hung an oil painting by Beryl.
    它的上方挂着一幅贝丽尔创作的油画。
  31. We should help our brother communities by all means in our power.
    我们应该尽力帮助兄弟社团。
  32. Oh by the way, have you heard from Bill lately?
    哦,顺便问一下,你最近得到比尔的消息了吗?
用作副词 (adv.)
  1. She hurried by without speaking to her teacher.
    她匆匆经过,没有跟她的老师说话。
  2. Come by for a drink after work.
    下班后路过我家时进来喝一杯。
  3. She stole the book when no one was by.
    她趁旁边无人时把书偷走了。

常用短语

用作介词 (prep.)
by accident
    偶然地 without any intention or planning
by all means
    一定,务必must
by analogy
    用类推方法by a process of reasoning between parallel cases
by analogy with
    根据…类推deducing (sth) according to sth
by any chance
    或许; 可能 perhaps; possibly
by chance
    偶然地,意外地 by accident; accidentally; unintentionally
by common consent
    公认 generally acknowledge
by comparison
    比较起来when compared
by contrast
    参见contrast条。
by courtesy of
    蒙…的好意,蒙…提供 by the permission or generosity of sb
by degrees
    一点一点地,逐渐地 gradually
by far
    …得多,更,尤其 by a great amount
by hand
    用手;亲自 using one's hand; in person
by heart
    凭记性 by memory
by itself
    独自地; 无需外力地alone; without help
by leaps and bounds
    非常迅速,突飞猛进very quickly and successfully
by means of
    参见mean条。
by mistake
    错误地 as a result of carelessness, forgetfulness, etc.; in error
by no means
    参见mean条。
by reason of
    由于because of
by rights
    要是公正的话,公正地 if justice were done; in justice
by the book
    按规则，依照惯例according to the rules
by the by
    顺便提一句by the way
by the same token
    由于同样原因，同样地in the same way
by the way
    顺便地,附带说说 used to introduce a comment or question that is only indirectly related, if at all, to the main subject of conversation
by trial and error
    反复试验，不断摸索by trying various solutions and learning from one's failure
by turns
    轮流地; 交替地 one after the other; in rotation
by virtue of
    凭借，依靠，因为，由于by means of or because of sth
by way of
    意在,为了 with the intention of or for the purpose ofBy way of introduction to my subject,I'd like to tell you how I first came to be interested in it.为了引入我的话题,我想告诉你我起初是怎样对这个问题感兴趣的。
用作副词 (adv.)
by and by
    不久,马上 before long; soon
by and large
    总的来说 on the whole;in general

词汇搭配

用作介词 (prep.)
动词+～ 动词+名词+～ ～+名词 名词+～+名词 副词+～ ～+副词 副词+～+副词 ～+代词 ～+数词 数词+～+数词
用作副词 (adv.)
动词+～

经典引文

  • He taried..at Joppa by one Simon.

    出自：Bible (Coverdale): Acts

  • Down by the Docks they 'board seamen' at the eating houses.

    出自： Dickens

  • A cat sits on the pavement by the house.

    出自： R. Jarrell

by的详细讲解：

词语用法

prep. (介词)
  1. by在表示时间时,常与动词的一般时、将来时、完成时或将来完成时连用。作“在…时候”解时,常用于by day〔night〕短语中。
  2. by表示方式(除作“抓住…”解时)或原因后接名词时,名词前通常不加冠词。
  3. by表示方式作“凭着”解时,其后常接反身代词; 作“乘”解时,后接交通工具,其前不加冠词。
  4. by表示比率作“以…为单位”解时,常与表示单位的名词或数词连用,名词前常用定冠词; 作“…比…”解时,用于两个数字之间表示面积。
  5. by表示累加时,前后一般用同一个名词、数词或副词,名词前不用定冠词,且不用于复数形式。
  6. by表示动作者的时候,常用于被动结构。
  7. by用于被动结构时，既可以引出施动者，也可用来表示做某事的手段。

词义辨析

prep. (介词)
by, according to, from, in, on, under
  • 这组词的共同意思是“根据”“按照”。其区别是：
  • according to是这组词中最常用的一个,可指依据某人的话语、说法、指示,也可指按照某计划、法规等,可以是正式的,也可以是非正式的; by的本意是“凭借某种手段、方式”,由此引申出“依据,按照”,其宾语常为某种规则、法规、标准、习俗等; from的本意是“来源”,由此引申出“根据事物的来源判断”; in指“依据”时,仅见于与eye, opinion, view等表示观点的名词或order, sequence等表示顺序的名词连用,还见于in law, in practice, in theory等短语中; on是根据事物发生和存在所依靠的基础这一用法,由此引申为“根据,按照”,与之连用的词一般是表示忠告、规则、命令、指示、协议、建议、原理的名词; under通常指根据正式的协议、法令、条款、合同等,含有在其控制或约束之下的意味。
    • by, after, at, for,from, over, through, with
  • 这两个词都可表示“按照”“根据”“依照”“依从”。其区别在于:
  • 1.at多接抽象名词; 而by多接具体名词。
  • 2.这两个词都有“按…计算”的意思,不过by用于英式英语; at用于美式英语。
    • by, at
  • 这两个词都可表示“按照”“根据”“依照”“依从”。其区别在于:
  • 1.at多接抽象名词; 而by多接具体名词。
  • 2.这两个词都有“按…计算”的意思,不过by用于英式英语; at用于美式英语。
    • by, before
  • 这两个词都可表示“在…之前”。before所表示的时间不包括其宾语所指时间在内,与之连用的动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词; by所表示的时间包括宾语所指的时间在内,因而常译成“不迟于…”。
    • by, beside, near, on
  • 这组词的共同意思是“靠近,在…旁边”。beside是一般用语,其宾语可以是表示任何人或事物的名词; by强调“紧贴”,其宾语可以是一般的人或事物,但更常见的是side或含有side的名词; near所指的距离要比by远得多,其宾语可是任何表示人或事物的名词; on一般表示与江〔河,湖,海〕岸或铁路线呈线状的地点相接触,含有“邻接,濒临”的意思。
    • by, about, on,with
  • 参见about条。
    • by, in
  • 这两个词都有“不迟于”的意思,但in表明的是一段时间; 而by只是用在日历上确定的时间,或者日历上的一点。
    • by oneself, alone
  • 这两者均可译为“独自地”“单独地”,其差别主要在于：
  • 1.从造成“独自地”原因上说, alone可以是主动的,也可以是被动的; 而by oneself则是主动的,是主观上愿意把自己与他人隔绝开来而造成的。例如：
  • 他总是单独一个人吃午饭。
  • He always has his lunch alone.
  • (只说明客观事实)
  • He always has his lunch by himself.
  • (含有愿意如此的意味)
  • 2.从“独自地”性质上说, alone可以是正常的,也可以是不正常的; 而by oneself则多是反常的,或者是出乎意料的。例如：
  • 他自己单独生活。
  • He lives alone.
  • (只说明客观事实)
  • He lives by himself.
  • (含有该成家却单身的反常意味)
    • by, till
  • 这两者均可与表示时间的词连用。by指动作在宾语所指的时间前发生,与非持续性动词连用; 而till则指动作或状态持续到宾语所指的时间为止,常与非持续性动词的否定形式或持续性动词连用。

    • 常见错误

    prep. (介词)
      我是坐船到美国来的。

      误 I came to America by a ship.

      正 I came to America by ship.

      析 by表示“乘”“坐”，后跟宾语，往往不加冠词。

      他要坐6:30的火车走。

      误 He is leaving by 6:30 train.

      正 He is leaving by the 6:30 train.

      析 表示交通方式的by短语中的名词若有表示具体时间的词语修饰，须加定冠词。

    词源解说

    • ☆ 直接源自古英语的be or bi，意为靠近，在，经由，大约。

    by的相关资料：

    近反义词

    【近义词】

    临近单词

    bye BW Byr byo Byl Byk Byne Byrs BYMV Byff Byle Byrd
    以上内容独家创作，受著作权保护，侵权必究

    今日热词
    相关词典网站：

    牛津高阶第八版

    美国韦氏词典

    Dictionary.com

    Free Dictionary

    维基百科 (自由的百科全书)

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